Corneal Transplant Surgery Treatment

Corneal Transplant Surgery

A cornea transplant surgery is also known as keratoplasty is a surgical process to replace a specific part of your cornea with corneal tissue from a particular donor. Cornea of an eye is the transparent, dome-shaped surface of your eye that accounts for a large part of your eye's focusing power. A cornea transplant can restore the lost vision, minimise  pain and enhance appearance of a destructed  diseased cornea. The light rays which passes through a diseased or ditorted cornea can get damaged and change your vision.

A corneal transplant corrects several eye problems like scarring of cornea because of any infection or accidental injury. Corneal ulcers or what commonly known sores occurs as an outcome of infection which is called as medical state of keratoconus which makes your corneal expelled or bulges outside. Inherited eye diseases called as Fuchs' dystrophy and others troubles caused by premature eye surgery or an operation.

What are the Benefits of Cornea transplant surgery?

• Enhanced  Vision is rewarded by corneal transplant surgery by larger sections of Endothelial Keratoplasty  patients are gaining 20/20 vision.
• Improved and Fast  Visual Recovery for   patients. Although, their  vision is a bit blurry after the procedure, as the days progress it gets better. For Endothelial Keratoplasty , the visual healing path is much rapid, consumes only weeks rather than weeks instead of months. Patients are able to do all the  normal activities more fastly as well.
• Minimised Risk of Rejection- When replacing the complete cornea, there is a risk of rejection. In process where all five layers are removed, rejection takes place in about 20% of the transplants. With Endothelium keratoplasty  that risk is reduced to  just be 1-2%.

Need for Corneal Transplantation Treatment

Corneal transplant surgery, sometimes referred to as corneal grafting, is advised when the cornea – the clear outer covering of the eye that provides most of the eye’s refractive power – becomes compromised in any way.

The need for a corneal transplant can arise due to a variety of conditions, including:

• Corneal Diseases or Degeneration
• Corneal Scarring
• Infections
• Corneal Edema
• Failed Previous Corneal Surgery
• Trauma or Injury

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Symptoms leading to Corneal Transplantation Treatment

Symptoms that may require corneal transplant surgery include severe vision loss, pain or change in eye health because of corneal diseases or injuries.

Common symptoms leading to the consideration of corneal transplant surgery include:

• Blurred or Decreased Vision
• Glare or Halos Around Lights
• Eye Pain or Discomfort
• Corneal Clouding
• Redness in the Eye
• Sensitivity to Light
• Decreased Visual Acuity
• Recurrent Corneal Infections
• Distorted Vision

What are the risks involved in Cornea Transplant Surgery?

Most of the corneal transplant surgeries are successful, only few involve risks of some complications like irritation, discharge of fluid etc.
Graft rejection for the entire life period, separation or dislocation of lamellar transplants and basic graft failure.
There is also a chance of infection. Since the cornea contains no blood vessels and generally acquires its nutrients from the aqueous humor and it recovers much more slowly. This risk of infection is particularly reduced by antibiotic prophylaxis and usage of antibiotic eye drops.
Graft failure can happen at any time after the cornea has been transplanted, even after years later. It generally occurs due to new injury or illness. Treatment can be certain medications or surgical treatments, relying on the critical state of a particular person.
Glaucoma which leads to increased pressure in the eye is also one of the side effects of corneal transplant surgery.
Leakage of fluid from cornea is also one of the complications related with corneal transplant surgery which can cause problems for patients.
Extreme sharpness of vision by irregular shape of cornea is another risk imbibed in corneal transplant surgery.

Types of corneal transplant surgery

There are generally two main kinds of cornea transplants:-

Traditional corneal transplant surgery

In traditional corneal transplant surgery or what is commonly called as Penetrating Keratoplasty in which a  circular or button-shaped tissue of full fledged thickness is separated from the diseased or distorted or damaged cornea by  using a surgical cutting instrument which is  called as trephine or a femtosecond laser. A similar "button- shaped" from the donor tissue is then settled and organised  into place. The stitches remain in a particular place generally for a year or more after the completion of a  surgery and for safety a  plastic shield is placed over your eye to protect it during recovery process.

Penetrating keratoplasty surgery

This surgery takes one to two hours and most processes takes place on an outpatient criteria and you can go home a short while after the surgery and will not keep you admitted for a long duration of time. Endothelial Keratoplasty, in the past few years, a more modified and updated  version of corneal transplant surgery has come into existence and us known by name of Endothelial Keratoplasty (EK) for certain corneal transplant conditions.

Endothelial keratoplasty specifically transplants only the inner layer of the cornea's endothelium and throughs the upper healthy corneal tissue in place. The endothelium controls the fluid maintains the cornea, and if it becomes infected  or diseased, this can cause major corneal swelling and loss of vision. In EK, the surgeon makes a small hole and places a tiny disc of donor tissue having  a healthy endothelial cell layer on the other surface of your cornea. An air bubble is implemented to settle the new endothelial layer into accurate  place. The tiny hole or incision is self-sealing and typically no stiches are necessary.

When the complete cornea is replaced it is known as penetrating keratoplasty and when only a specific part of the cornea is replaced it is known as lamellar keratoplasty. Keratoplasty simply means surgery of cornea. The graft is issued from a currently dead individual with no discovered  diseases or other certaib factors which can affect the probability of survival of the donated tissue or the health of the reciever.

Corneal eye disease is regarded as the fourth most common cause of blindness along with cataracts, glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration and severely affects more than 10 million people in the entire globe. But corneal transplant surgery can efficiently heal it in no time and wuth few risks if complications.

Medicinal usage of Corneal transplant surgery-

Indications include the following:

Optical:  enhance visual acuity by transplanting  the opaque or distorted host tissue by verified  healthy donor tissue. The  frequently common indication in this section is pseudophakic bullous keratopathy which us generally supported  by keratoconus and corneal degeneration with keratoglobus and dystrophy, along with scarring due to keratitis and trauma.

Tectonic or reconstructive medicinal usage for saving  corneal structure  and integrity in patients with stromal Lightening and descemetoceles, or to degenerate the inner l structure of the eye, like after corneal perforation.

Therapeutic: To separate corneal tissue and determined to diagnosis antibiotics or anti-virals.

Cosmetic: To enhance the look of patients with corneal scars that have given a whitish or opaque hue to the cornea.

Best Hospitals for Cornea Operation

• Artemis Hospital, Gurgaon
• Medanta The Medicity, Gurgaon
• Max Hospital, Saket
• BLK-Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi

Best Doctors for Cornea Operation

• Dr. Sameer Kaushal
• Dr. Sheetal Bakshi
• Dr. Rituraj Baruah
• Dr. Vivek Garg

Why Choose GetWellGo for Corneal Transplant Surgery?

If GetWellGo provides specific services in the area of corneal transplants because you are searching for high-quality services and professional surgeons and the utilization of modern technology, then you should go for it.

Here are several reasons why GetWellGo might be chosen for corneal transplant surgery:

• Experienced and Skilled Surgeons
• Advanced Technology and Facilities
• Comprehensive Care
• Personalized Treatment Plans
• High Success Rates
• Access to Corneal Donors
• Comprehensive Aftercare
• Multilingual Support
• Visa Assistance
• Travel and Accommodation Services

FAQ

1. What are the advantages of corneal transplant surgery? 

The main benefits of corneal transplant surgery include:

• Restoration of Vision: It can actually make new vision or repair lost vision to a very considerable degree, especially in situations of corneal opacities, scars or diseases.
• Pain Relief: CT can bring comfort for people who deal with chronic eye pain resulting from corneal disorders.
• Enhanced Quality of Life: As patients can suddenly see better or, at least, feel less uncomfortable, they can resume their daily activities with improved quality of life.
• Reduced Risk of Further Damage: This relieves the chances of other complications such as infection or continuing to worsen of vision among the patients.

2. What is the effectiveness of performing corneal transplant surgery?

The survival rate of the graft depends on the type of transplant adopted, the general health of patients, and the status of the corneal donor. Generally:

• Penetrating Keratoplasty (full-thickness transplant): The chance of success ranges from 70-90% for the ability to see to normal or near normal with no other diseases affecting eyes.
• Endothelial Keratoplasty (partial-thickness transplant): This newer technique generally has higher success rates, usually between 90 and 95% for patients with endothelial diseases: Fuchs’ dystrophy, for instance.

Some of the complications are graft rejection, infection that may lead to the complete loss of vision, but all these can be managed by using eye drops after the surgery, and follow up appointments.

3. What is the postoperative course of corneal transplant surgery; In particular, how long does the recovery period take?

The recovery process varies for each individual but generally includes:

• Initial Recovery: A three day period of no strenuous activity, wound dressing, administration of prescribed medicines such as antibiotics and steroids following surgery. Sometimes there is pain, redness, and/or swelling at the injection site.
• Full Recovery Time: Patients may take several months to one year before regaining total vision of the affected area. Within this period, your own eye would have healed as well as the donor tissue given from the corneal disk grafted into your eye. It is recommended that one should follow up with an ophthalmologist, typically every couple of weeks in order to track improvement as well as establish whether one has developed side effects of the medication.
• Vision Improvement: Vision may improve gradually. Some of the patients may feel that their condition is improving within weeks, while others may take months. This is quite unlike what is expected with new glaucoma eyes as it is common to find vision fluctuating in the initial period of recovery.
   

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