Hypospadias Correction Stage 2

Hypospadias stage 2 surgery India

Stage 2 hypospadias repair is usually undertaken for proximal or severe cases of hypospadias where the first stage (Stage 1) involved straightening of the penis (chordee correction) and tissue preparation for urethral reconstruction. Stage 2 involves the development of a functional urethra.

Purpose

• To reconstruct or build the urethra.
• To provide normal urination.
• To enhance cosmetic appearance of the penis.
• To minimize complications such as fistula, strictures, or residual curvature.

Indications

• Proximal hypospadias patients following Stage 1 repair.
• Situation in which local tissue was inadequate for one-stage repair.
• In situations where penile straightening has been completed but urethral reconstruction remains to be done.

Second stage hypospadias repair India

The second phase of repair of hypospadias is usually needed in the case of proximal or severe hypospadias, particularly when the initial stage was to correct chordee (straightening of the penis) and to prepare the tissues for urethral reconstruction.

Procedure Overview

Urethroplasty

• Tubularization of the graft or local tissue used in Stage 1.
• Often employs buccal mucosa or preputial skin.

Glansplasty

• Glans reconstruction around the new urethra for cosmetic appearance.

Catheterization

• A urethral catheter is placed to permit drainage of urine during healing.

Skin Closure

• Skin on the penile shaft is closed over the repaired urethra.

Duration

• Usual 2–4 hours, depending on the level of complexity.

Recovery

• Hospital stay: 1–3 days.
• Catheter: 7–14 days.
• Follow-up: Frequent check-up for 6–12 months to recognize fistula, stricture, or diverticulum.
• Activity restriction: Avoid excessive activity until healing is established.

Two stage hypospadias correction India

Two-stage repair is typically indicated for proximal or severe hypospadias or in instances of severe chordee, where a single-stage repair might have a greater chance of complication. 

Objective

• Correct penile curvature (chordee).
• Reconstruct the urethra in a staged procedure.
• Restore functional and cosmetic normalcy.
• Decrease complications such as fistula, stricture, or recurrence.

Stage 1: Chordee Correction and Tissue Preparation

• Purpose: Straighten the penis and prepare tissues to undergo urethral reconstruction.

Procedure:

• Chordee correction: Release tight fibrous bands or do dorsal plication to correct the penis.
• Tissue grafting: Preputial skin or buccal mucosa grafts are very frequently applied to the ventral surface to form a neourethral plate.
• Healing period: The graft is allowed to mature and incorporate for some months (typically 6–12 months) before Stage 2.
• Goal: Provide a flat, well-vascularized bed ready for urethroplasty in Stage 2.

Stage 2: Urethroplasty

• Purpose: Form the functional urethra from the graft that has been prepared in Stage 1.

Procedure:

• Tubularization of graft: The Stage 1 graft or flap is rolled into a tube to create the neourethra.
• Glansplasty: Glans reconstruction surrounding the neourethra.
• Catheter placement: An indwelling urethral catheter is maintained for 7–14 days to allow urine drainage.
• Skin coverage: Skin from the penile shaft is closed over the neourethra.
• Outcome: A cosmetically normal, straight, and functional penis.

Recovery

• Hospitalization: 1–3 days per stage.
• Catheter: usually 7–14 days post Stage 2.
• Follow-up: 6–12 months for fistula, stricture, or cosmetic problems.
• Activity restriction: Avoid strenuous activity until completely healed.

Benefits of Two-Stage Repair

• Improved results in complex hypospadias.
• Reduces risk of fistula from a one-stage repair for complicated cases.
• Facilitates graft maturation prior to urethral construction.

Best hospital for stage 2 hypospadias repair India

• Artemis Hospital, Gurgaon
• Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon
• Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurgaon
• Max Hospital, Saket

Factors Affecting Cost of hypospadias stage 2 surgery India

The price of Stage 2 hypospadias surgery in India is quite disparate depending on various factors. Below is an in-depth analysis to explain the most important factors affecting the overall cost:

Severity and Complexity of Hypospadias

• Mild Cases: Usually demand simpler, single-stage procedures.
• Severe Cases: Can require a two-stage procedure, with longertime and increased complexity.
• Chordee (penile curvature) repair usually increases the complexity and expense.

Surgeon's Expertise

• Most experienced pediatric urologists or reconstructive surgeons can also collect a higher fee because of their expertise and higher success rates.

Hospital Infrastructure and Location

• Accredited hospitals with modern infrastructure and international accreditation (e.g., NABH, JCI) will be at a higher cost.
• Major cities like Delhi, Mumbai, and Gurugram tend to have a higher cost compared to small cities.

Type of Surgical Technique

• Sophisticated procedures like TIP (Tubularized Incised Plate) or GAP (Glandular Approximation Plasty) could be more expensive because of the expertise involved. 

Hospital Stay

• Increased stays for observation and recovery add to the cost.
• Private room stays and longer recovery times add to the expense.

Other Medical Factors

• Tests preoperative and postoperative (e.g., blood work, imaging) are additional expenses.
• Treatment of underlying illnesses such as hypertension or diabetes might necessitate extra treatment and resources.

Conclusion

Stage 2 hypospadias repair is a significant surgical intervention in case of proximal or severe hypospadias to develop a functional and cosmetically normal urethra after the initial correction of chordee. Generally, Stage 2 repair, particularly if carried out by experienced surgeons in well-known hospitals, has high success rates (80–90%), good functional results, and enhanced cosmetic appearance, which makes it a predictable method for the treatment of severe hypospadias.

Hypospadias Correction Stage 2 in India GetWellGo

GetWellGo is regarded as a leading supplier of healthcare services. We help our foreign clients choose the best treatment locations that suit their needs both financially and medically.

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• Complete transparency
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• Case manager assigned to every patient to provide seamless support in and out of the hospital like appointment booking
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FAQ

How long will the surgery take?

• Generally 2–4 hours, depending on the level of complexity

What is the recovery time?

• Hospital stay: 1–3 days.
• Catheter duration: 7–14 days.
• Follow-up: Minimum of 6–12 months to check for complications.
• Avoid strenuous activity until complete healing.

What is the rate of success?

• Generally 80–90%, depending on severity, graft quality, and surgeon skill