Cardiology
Heart Pacemaker Operation
Heart Pacemaker
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A pacemaker is small electrically charged medical equipment that is surgically inserted beneath the skin of the heart to treat arrhythmias, or abnormal heartbeats. Pacemaker implant surgery is the name given to the surgical technique used to install the device. Pacemakers come in two varieties. Temporary pacemakers are used to treat short-term heart disorders that slow down the heartbeat, such as heart surgery, heart attacks, and medication overdoses. Long-term cardiac rhythm abnormalities are monitored with permanent pacemakers.
Parts of a pacemaker:
- A computerized pulse generator that uses electrical signals to control heart rate
- Between the pulse generator and your heart, there are one to three leads—wires that carry signals.
- Electrodes to help with signal transmission
- A battery
Types of pacemakers
Your doctors will determine which kind of pacemaker is best for your heart after doing a thorough diagnostic assessment. Typically, four distinct types of pacemakers are there.
1. Single chambered: This is the most popular type of pacemaker. One chamber of the heart is connected to the pulse generator by a single lead.
2. Dual chamber pacemaker: This device connects the right atrium and right ventricle to two lead wires that allow the heart to contract and relax simultaneously in a healthy rhythm.
3. Biventricular pacemaker: This is sometimes referred to as cardiac resynchronization therapy, or CRT. It has three leads attached to the right atrium and two ventricles. Patients with advanced arrhythmias caused by heart failure are treated with it.
4. Leadless pacemaker: This pacemaker is inserted straight into the heart chamber, eliminating the need for a visible pacemaker pocket or chest incision. It avoids issues like lead fracture, dislodgement, or infection because lead is not involved.
Need for pacemaker implantation
- Patients with conditions like these have been advised to get a pacemaker placed.
- Bradycardia, a slower-than-normal heartbeat
- Tachycardia, or an irregularly quick heartbeat,
- Heart block brought on by aging or cardiac injury
- Fast heartbeat, dizziness, or other symptoms
- Cardiac muscle issues
- Sick sinus syndrome, which is primarily associated with aging, occurs when the SA node malfunctions, resulting in either bradycardia, tachycardia, or both.
- Atrial fibrillation
Diagnostic tests before cardiac pacemaker implant
A pacemaker's implantation requires extensive surgery. As a result, in order to fully assess your cardiac conditions, your doctors will get you ready for a few tests prior to the procedure. Among these tests are
- An ECG, can help determine the type of abnormal heartbeats you are experiencing.
- Holter monitoring, also known as ambulatory monitoring, will record your heart rate continuously for a full day. Throughout this time, you will be required to maintain a log of every activity you perform.
- An echocardiography provides photos of your heart's health and measures the heart's muscular thickness.
- Stress testing combined with nuclear imaging or an echocardiography to measure your heart's oxygen consumption
Procedure for pacemaker operation
Before the surgery:
- Your doctor will examine your body physically.
- You can discuss your allergies, current medications, and medical history with your doctor.
- You might have to stay away from some medications, such as blood thinners.
- You will be instructed to refrain from eating and drinking eight to twelve hours before the procedure.
- When taking medication, just small sips of water should be consumed.
- Shaving or washing the area of implantation can help reduce the risk of infection.
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To receive medicine and antibiotics, an IV line will be put into your vein.
During pacemaker surgery:
- You will receive local anesthesia, which will cause the implantation site to become numb.
- The process takes two to five hours to complete.
- An ECG and blood pressure monitor will be used to monitor the heart rate and blood pressure.
- Your doctor will put the wires in your heart and insert a big needle into your vein to carry them there.
- There will be two incisions made: one for the pacemaker, which will be located 5–10 cm below the collar bone, and another for the pacemaker battery, which will be located beneath the skin.
- An adjacent vein will be used to insert a lead in order to transfer it to the heart.
- After review, the pacemaker is connected to the lead.
- The wound is then sealed, and dressing is applied.
After the surgery:
- The pacemaker is examined to ensure that it functions normally.
- A continuous heart rate monitor will be used.
- A chest X-ray will be taken to examine the lungs and the sites of the pacemaker and lead.
- You may feel pain, edema, or soreness in the area where the pacemaker is implanted.
- Painkillers may provide relief.
- To provide the pacemaker electrodes enough time to attach to the heart, it is
- advised to limit arm movement, particularly on the side of the pacemaker.
- You will receive a temporary pacemaker identity card that you can show at the airport.
- A routine examination is necessary to guarantee the pacemaker functions as intended.
The success rate of pacemaker surgery in India
With success rates above 99 percent, pacemaker implantations are quite successful. The success rates are roughly 97% for a 3-lead pacemaker system.
Factors affecting the cost of heart pacemaker operation in India
Patients who are experiencing a lack of normal cardiac function are frequently advised to have a pacemaker installed. However, a careful analysis of a number of crucial parameters is necessary before carrying out this life-saving surgery. These cover the patient's general health, underlying cardiac condition, individual symptoms, past medical history, and possible surgical risks.
The following is a summary of some of the variables influencing pacemaker surgery costs in India.
- Type of pacemaker
- Hospital and its infrastructure
- Expertise of the cardiac surgeon
- Diagnostic tests
- Duration of stay
Why choose India for pacemaker surgery?
The majority of hospitals in India that perform pacemaker surgery have state-of-the-art infrastructure and are properly furnished with the newest medical equipment. The surgeons at these clinics are highly trained and experienced, and they give their patients the best possible care. In addition to having some of the greatest cardiologists and cardiac specialists in the world at their disposal, the low cost benefit that patients receive in India is crucial.
Best hospitals in India for paFcemaker installation
- Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurgaon
- Fortis Escorts Hospital, New Delhi
- Medanta The Medicity - Gurugram
- Artemis Hospital - Gurugram
- Max Hospital - Delhi
- MGM Healthcare
- Narayana Multispeciality Hospital, Bangalore
- Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi
Best surgeons in India for pacemaker installation
- Dr. Udgeath Dhir
- Dr. Z S MeFortis Harwal
- Dr Naresh Theran
- Dr. Anil Bhan
- Dr. Sushant Srivastava
- Dr. Rajneesh Malhotra
- Dr. K. R Balakrishnan
- Dr. Devi Prasad Shetty
- Dr. Anoop K Ganjoo
FAQ
1. How long will I live after having a pacemaker installed?
- Following a pacemaker, you can resume your regular activities. Studies indicate that the average life expectancy following surgery varies from approximately 93% after one year to 61% after seven years.
2. Can I sense the working of a pacemaker?
- You shouldn't sense that it is effective. You may experience some discomfort in the implant region right after surgery, but this should eventually go away.
3. What is the battery life?
- The pacemaker battery should last five to fifteen years after it is placed.
4. When will I recover?
- Patients who have pacemaker surgery often require 1-2 weeks to fully recover, with the majority of recovery depending on the patient's immune system.
5. How to book or schedule an appointment for pacemaker surgery in India?
- We will assist you in getting expert advice and the best treatment from a panel of cardiac specialists. You can contact us via phone at +91-9289678787 or email us at care@getwellgo.com
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